Nurali Nazarov

◾️ Aging and atherosclerosis can blunt carotid baroreceptor responses due to stiffening of the vascular wall not allowing as much transduction of wall distention.

◾️ If a vessel wall is stiffer, it doesn't distend as much or become bigger in responses to changes in blood pressure. So if blood pressure goes up, it should stretch the blood vessel.

◾️ If it stretches the blood vessel, it impacts or enacts changes in the nerve that's right around that blood vessel and as it distends it pushes on that nerve and will transduce the signal back to the brain. 

◾️ In this case if you have a stiffer vessel, less information travels through a stiff vessel and therefore you don't respond to the same extent.

A physician who became aphasic

◾️ Lordat (1843) “I noticed that when | wanted to speak | could not find the expressions... 

The thought was all ready but the sounds that had to express it as intermediary were no longer at my disposition. 

[a day later] I found myself deprived of the use of almost all words. If some of them remained at my grasp, they were almost useless for me, because | could no longer recall the ways to coordinate them in order to express a thought."

"Excuse me for feeling superia,

 to all of the lowly bacteria. 

You should know very well, 

there is no organelle, 

inside of their tiny interia."

<<Kevin Ahern>>

Infertility in males 

◾️ Infertility in males is usually the result of a low number of normal healthy sperm (~200 million sperm per ejaculation). 

◾️ Male with a sperm count below 55 to 60 million sperm per ejaculation would be considered infertile. 

◾️ Remedying a low sperm count may be: changing the style of underwear, the size of his pants, both of which might cause the testes to be maintained at too high of a temperature.  Switching from tight briefs and pants that may hold the testes too close to the body to boxers and looser pants may increase a man’s sperm count. 

◾️ Other conditions resulting in a low sperm count: Low testosterone levels, immune disorders that attack sperm, radiation, drugs (anabolic steroids and marijuana) and diseases (mumps, gonorrhea) 

Infertility in females

◾️ Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) (any severe bacterial infection of the female reproductive tract). 

◾️ PID that reaches the oviducts can cause scarring that may seal the oviducts and prevent passage of the egg or sperm.

◾️ The strongly acidic vaginal secretions or a thick mucus some women have can damage sperm and make it difficult for the sperm to move toward the egg. 

◾️ Endometriosis is a condition in which the endometrial tissue  migrates up the oviduct and implants on organs such as the (bladder, kidneys, ovaries, and colon). This misplaced tissue is stimulated each month by the hormonal cycle and can cause pain and infertility. 

◾️ The reproductive success of females is affected by age much more than it is in males. In a woman in her mid-40s, the ovaries contain far fewer oocytes and become less responsive to LH and FSH than in a younger woman. Also, oocytes ovulated near the end of a woman’s reproductive life are more likely to have been damaged by years of exposure to environmental toxins, radiation, drugs, chemicals, and disease.

İn USA, many couples have been known to spend in excess of $250,000 in the hope of becoming biological parents.

◾️ Scientists believe that estrogen may in some way protect women from cardiovascular problems. 

◾️ Once women reach their mid-40s (the age at which most women experience menopause), they begin to suffer from cardiovascular disease at an accelerated rate, and by the time they reach 70, they experience cardiovascular disease and heart attacks at the same rate as men of the same age.

◾️ Clinical studies have shown that premenopausal women have a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease than postmenopausal women.

◾️ Research has demonstrated that estrogen at menopausal levels stimulates the production of Nitric Oxide in the endothelial cells of arteries including those in heart.

◾️ Nitric Oxide is one of the most important vascular regulatory agent in the body, capable of relaxing the smooth muscle surrounding arteries.

◾️ Ambulances in England now carry injectable estrogen and administer it to patients (male or female) who are suffering from heart attack.